Coal Services

 Sample Collection

Methods:

  • ASTM D2234 – Standard Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample of Coal

  • ASTM D6609 – Standard Guide for Part-Stream Sampling of Coal

  • ASTM D6883 – Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Stationary Coal from Railroad Cars, Barges, Trucks, or Stockpiles Part stream

  • ASTM D7430 – Standard Practice for Mechanical Sampling of Coal

Sample Preparation 

Method:

  • ASTM D2013 – Standard Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis 

Equipment:

  • Holmes Crusher 401XL

  • Holmes Pulverizer 502XL

Proximate Analysis 

Method:

  • ASTM D3172 – Standard Practice for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke

Ultimate Analysis 

Method:

  • ASTM D3176 – Standard Practice for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke

Total Moisture

Methods:

  • ASTM D3302 – Standard Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal

  • ASTM D2961 – Standard Practice for Single-Stage Total Moisture Less than 15% in Coal Reduced to 2.3mm [No. 8 Sieve] Topsize

Equipment:

  • Preiser Air Drying Oven

  • Despatch High-Performance Oven

Residual Moisture

Methods:

  • ASTM D3173 – Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke

  • ASTM D7582 – Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke by Macro Thermogravimetric Analysis

Equipment:

  • Preiser Model 100 Moisture Oven

  • Eltra TGA Thermostep

Volatile Matter

Methods:

ASTM D3175 – Test Method for Volatile Matter in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke

ASTM D7582 – Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke by Macro Thermogravimetric Analysis

Equipment:

  • Thermolyne Muffle Furnace

  • Eltra TGA Thermostep

Ash 

Methods:

  • ASTM D3174 – Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke from Coal

  • ASTM D7582 – Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke by Macro Thermogravimetric Analysis

Equipment:

  • Thermolyne Muffle Furnace

  • Vulcan 3-Series Muffle Furnace

  • Eltra TGA Thermostep

Fixed Carbon (by calculation)

Gross Calorific Value

Method:

  • ASTM D5865 – Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke

Equipment:

  • Parr Model 6420 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter

Total Sulfur

Method:

  • ASTM D4239 – Standard Test Method for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke Using High-Temperature Tube Furnace Combustion

Equipment:

  • Eltra CS580-A

  • LECO S-144DR

Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI)

Method:

  • ASTM D409 – Standard Test Method for Grindability of Coal by the Hardgrove-Machine Method

Equipment:

  • Preiser Hardgrove Grindability Tester

Washability (Float/Sink)

Method:

  • ASTM D4371 – Standard Test Method for Determining the Washability Characteristics of Coal

Size Consist (wet and dry)

Method:

  • ASTM D4749 – Standard Test Method for Performing the Sieve Analysis of Coal and Designating Coal Size

Equipment:

  • Gilson TS-1 Sieve Shaker

  • W.S. Tyler Ro-Tap RX-29

  • Endecott Titan 450

Ash Fusion - Reducing and Oxidizing

Methods:

  • ASTM D1857 – Standard Test Method for Fusibility of Coal and Coke Ash

Equipment:

  • Preiser Ash Fusion System 2014

Carbon/Hydrogen/Nitrogen

Methods:

  • ASTM D5373 – Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen in Analysis Samples of Coal

Equipment:

  • LECO CHN828

Magnetite Carryover

Equipment:

  • Eriez Davis Tube

Forms of Sulfur (Organic, Inorganic, Sulfate, Pyritic)

Method:

  • ASTM D8214 – Standard Test Method for Forms of Sulfur in Coal by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry

Equipment:

  • Thermofisher Scientific iCAP PRO X Duo ICP-OES

Metallurgical Properties of Coal and Coke

Free Swelling Index-

Method:

  • ASTM D720 - Standard Test Method for Free-Swelling Index of Coal

Equipment:

  • Preiser Free Swelling Index Electric Furnace

Plasticity-

Method:

  • ASTM D2639 – Standard Test Method for Plastic Properties of Coal by the Constant-Torque Gieseler Plastometer

Equipment:

  • Preiser Plastometer

Oxidation-

Method:

  • ASTM D5263 – Standard Test Method for Determining the Relative Degree of Oxidation in Bituminous Coal by Alkali Extraction

Equipment:

  • Thermofisher Scientific SPECTRONIC 200

Dilatation-

Method:

  • ASTM D5515 – Standard Test Method for Determination of the Swelling Properties of Bituminous Coal Using a Dilatometer

Equipment:

  • Applied Test Systems Dilatometer

Major Elements in Ash and Trace Elements of Coal

Method(s):

  • ASTM D3682 – Standard Test Method for Major and Minor Elements in Combustion Residues from Coal Utilization Processes

  • ASTM D6349 – Standard Test Method for Determination of Major and Minor Elements in Coal, Coke, and Solid Residues from Combustion of Coal and Coke by Inductively Coupled Plasma – Atomic Emission Spectrometry

  • ASTM D6357 – Standard Test Methods for Determination of Trace Elements in Coal, Coke, and Combustion Residues from Coal Utilization Processes by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Equipment:

  • Thermofisher Scientific iCAP PRO X Duo ICP-OES

  • Thermofisher Scientific iCAP RQ Quadrapole ICP-MS